There is now an established need for higher renewable resources into our energy mix due to climate change issues, the increasing price of fossil fuels, and maturing energy storage technologies. Solar energy is the most popular for distributed generation to supplement grid produced electricity among renewable energy resources. Our primary focus is on evaluating the optimal PV system technologies like c-Si, CIS, CdTe, and a-Si for varying atmospheric conditions. This analysis enables the PV system designer to choose the optimal energy technology to maximize the performance ratio and minimize the energy unit price.
From the sustainability perspective, Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are becoming the most popular storage option in the last few years due to their higher energy and power density, low weight-to-volume ratio and higher cycle-life. In this work, our current focus is consumer electronics, with research focused on evaluating battery drainage in various smartphone processes. This work will benefit app designers and smartphone manufacturers to improve battery lifespan.