There is a lot of research work going on Floating PV potential in Pakistan and the whole world. If we install Floating PV on the water basin/reservoir of the dam it may be helpful in many ways. The evaporation of water is restricted which results in 8% extra hydro generation under the same condition of water level. The existing infrastructure of power transmission can be used. The Silt Factor that reduces the life of a dam, can be overcome by installing floating PVs.

Floating PVs have multiple benefits but if this FPV is integrated with Pumped hydro it starts acting like a virtual battery. Pumped hydropower storage (PHS) ranges from instantaneous operation to the scale of minutes and days, providing corresponding services to the whole power system.

In our thesis work we are interested in the coupled scheme of PHS (PHS+VRE). A VRE generation plant coupled with a PHS plant can pump water to the upper reservoir(s) of the PHS plant to minimize curtailment. The PHS would be then effectively acting as a behind the meter battery.

Our objective is to develop an optimized model for this system that can take decisions automatically. When the tariff of electricity is low it should start absorbing power from the system and pump water to uphill.